Solar panels, batteries, and inverters explained
Solar panels, batteries, and inverters work together to power your home. Learn about the role each component plays below.
Solar panels
Solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into electricity through a process called the photovoltaic effect.
Here’s how solar power works:
Photovoltaic cells: Solar panels are made up of many small units called photovoltaic (PV) cells, which are usually made from silicon.
Sunlight absorption: When sunlight hits the PV cells, it frees electrons so they can move.
Electricity flow: Each PV cell has an electric field that forces the freed electrons to move in a specific direction, creating a current.
Wiring: The current generated by the PV cells is collected by wiring and directed to an inverter, which converts it into usable alternating current (AC) electricity for your home.
The power output of a solar panel is measured in watts (W), indicating the amount of electricity the panel can produce under standard test conditions. For example, a 300-watt solar panel can produce 300 watts of power per hour under test conditions. When panels are combined into a system, the total output is measured in kilowatts (kW). For example, a 6.6kW solar system is made up of multiple panels working together to generate electricity for your home. Larger systems can generate more electricity overall.
Solar panels generate less power on cloudy days and none at night. You may choose to add a battery to your system, so you can store excess energy for use during these times.
Inverters
Inverters are a vital part of any solar power system, converting the direct current (DC) electricity produced by your solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity that powers your home.
Kleenheat Spark packages include hybrid inverters, which perform this conversion and allow for seamless integration with battery storage either now or in the future (with batteries of the same brand). These advanced inverters can manage both solar generation and battery charging, enabling you to store excess energy during the day for use when the sun isn’t shining.
If you already have a solar system and are considering adding a battery, we’ll ask for a photo of your existing inverter to check compatibility. Most Australian homes use string inverters connected to the switchboard, though some may have microinverters mounted directly on the solar panels. We’ll offer you inverter upgrade options if your current inverter isn’t compatible with our modern battery options.
Batteries
Batteries store excess electricity generated by your solar panels during the day, so you can use this energy when your panels aren't producing power, such as at night.
Kleenheat Spark batteries use lithium-iron phosphate technology, a type of battery known for its safety, long lifespan and reliability. Batteries come in various capacities, allowing you to choose a battery system that best fits your energy needs. In some cases, if configured with backup capability, they can provide your home with power when the grid goes down.
Solar power can be used as it is generated, with grid power supplying any shortfall, such as when your solar output is insufficient or at night (if you don’t have a battery).